Amaranth
Amaranthus caudatus
Zones 8–13
Growing
Sow seeds directly into the garden once the soil has warmed and frost has passed, as even a light freeze kills these annuals. Prepare a nutrient-rich bed with a slightly acidic to neutral pH between 6.0 and 7.0. The plant grows as a single upright stem, so it suits container gardening if the pots drain well enough to prevent waterlogged roots.
Watch young seedlings during emergence, as pests like Diabrotica can damage the plant early on. If caterpillars or beetles defoliate the upper leaves, diatomaceous earth can help manage them. To prevent fungal issues like stem or root rot, plant in a well-drained site and avoid overwatering.
When the plant is ready, harvest the seeds immediately, as they do not ripen once picked. Keep the seeds unwashed to prevent spoilage. Store them at room temperature, in a cool dark cellar, or dry them for long-term use. To freeze any edible portions, blanch them first.
| Sun | full sun |
|---|---|
| Water | medium |
| Grow time | 90–150 days |
| Height | 3–6ft |
| Spacing | 12–24in |
| Full sun | ✓ |
|---|---|
| Part shade | ✓ |
| Shade | ✗ |
| Life cycle | annual |
|---|---|
| Category | grain |
| Growth habit | upright |
| Season | warm |
| Frost tolerance | tender |
| Height | 3–6ft |
| Spacing | 12–24in |
| Days to maturity | 90–150 |
| Days to bloom | 45–90 |
| Native us | ✗ |
| Water | medium |
|---|---|
| Drainage | well drained |
| Soil ph min | 6.0 |
| Soil ph max | 7.0 |
| Propagation | |
| Seed | ✓ |
| Cutting | ✗ |
| Division | ✗ |
| Graft | ✗ |
| Tuber bulb crown | ✗ |
| Transplant | ✗ |
| Container ok | ✓ |
| Pollination | wind |
| Pollinator friendly | ✓ |
| Toxic parts | |
| Leaves | ✗ |
| Seeds | ✗ |
| Raw | ✗ |
| Spread | self seeds |
| Deer resistant | ✓ |
| Drought tolerant | ✓ |
| Toxic to | |
| People | ✗ |
| Pets | — |
| Livestock | ✓ |
| Wash before storing | ✗ |
|---|---|
| Ripens off plant | ✗ |
| Curing days | none |
| Shelf life | over 3mo |
| Storage methods | |
| Room temp | ✓ |
| Cool dark | ✓ |
| Fridge | ✗ |
| Freeze | ✓ |
| Can | ✗ |
| Dry | ✓ |
| Ferment pickle | ✓ |
| Blanch before freezing | ✓ |
| Length | 6–12wk |
|---|---|
| Colors | |
| White | ✗ |
| Yellow | ✗ |
| Orange | ✗ |
| Red | ✓ |
| Pink | ✓ |
| Purple | ✓ |
| Blue | ✗ |
| Green | ✗ |
| Fragrant | ✗ |
| Reblooms | ✗ |
| Deadhead | ✗ |
| Cut flower | ✓ |
| Dried flower | ✓ |
| Status | none |
|---|---|
| Regions | |
| Northeast | ✗ |
| Southeast | ✗ |
| Midwest | ✗ |
| Plains | ✗ |
| Southwest | ✗ |
| Mountain west | ✗ |
| Pacific northwest | ✗ |
| California | ✗ |
| Hawaii | ✗ |
| State noxious | ✗ |
| Escapes cultivation | ✗ |
| Not suited to zone 7. Grows in zones 8–13. |
References: Wikipedia · USDA PLANTS: Amaranthus caudatus (AMCA3) · how this data is made