Peppermint
Mentha × piperita
Zones 3–9
Growing
Because of its aggressive, creeping nature, peppermint is best managed in containers or dedicated garden beds where you can control its spread. This perennial herb thrives when the soil is kept evenly moist and prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH between 6.0 and 7.5. If you are planting in the ground, be prepared for the low-matting stems to colonize much of the surrounding area. You can easily propagate new plants by taking cuttings or by dividing the root mass once the soil has warmed in the spring.
When you are ready to harvest, pick the leaves when they are at their most fragrant to ensure the best flavor for teas or culinary uses. Since the leaves do not continue to ripen after they are picked, use them immediately for the freshest experience. If you have a surplus, you can dry the leaves or freeze them to preserve that signature cooling menthol sensation. To keep your harvest fresh for a short time, store the leaves unwashed in the refrigerator.
| Sun | full sun |
|---|---|
| Water | high |
| Grow time | 45–90 days |
| Height | 1–3ft |
| Spacing | 6–12in |
| Full sun | ✓ |
|---|---|
| Part shade | ✓ |
| Shade | ✓ |
| Life cycle | perennial |
|---|---|
| Category | herb |
| Growth habit | ground cover |
| Season | warm |
| Frost tolerance | hardy |
| Height | 1–3ft |
| Spacing | 6–12in |
| Days to maturity | 45–90 |
| Days to bloom | over 150 |
| Native us | ✗ |
| Water | high |
|---|---|
| Drainage | moist |
| Soil ph min | 6.0 |
| Soil ph max | 7.5 |
| Propagation | |
| Seed | ✓ |
| Cutting | ✓ |
| Division | ✓ |
| Graft | ✗ |
| Tuber bulb crown | ✗ |
| Transplant | ✓ |
| Container ok | ✓ |
| Pollination | self fertile |
| Pollinator friendly | ✓ |
| Toxic parts | |
| Leaves | ✗ |
| Seeds | ✗ |
| Raw | ✗ |
| Spread | runners |
| Deer resistant | ✓ |
| Drought tolerant | ✗ |
| Toxic to | |
| People | ✗ |
| Pets | — |
| Livestock | — |
| Wash before storing | ✗ |
|---|---|
| Ripens off plant | ✗ |
| Curing days | none |
| Shelf life | 1–4wk |
| Storage methods | |
| Room temp | ✗ |
| Cool dark | ✓ |
| Fridge | ✓ |
| Freeze | ✓ |
| Can | ✗ |
| Dry | ✓ |
| Ferment pickle | ✓ |
| Blanch before freezing | ✗ |
| Length | 6–12wk |
|---|---|
| Colors | |
| White | ✗ |
| Yellow | ✗ |
| Orange | ✗ |
| Red | ✗ |
| Pink | ✗ |
| Purple | ✓ |
| Blue | ✗ |
| Green | ✗ |
| Visitors | |
|---|---|
| Honey bees | ✓ |
| Native bees | ✓ |
| Bumblebees | ✓ |
| Butterflies | ✓ |
| Moths | ✓ |
| Hummingbirds | ✗ |
| Beneficial insects | ✓ |
| Nectar | medium |
| Pollen | medium |
| Larval host | ✗ |
| Specialist bees | ✗ |
| Seed for birds | ✗ |
| Status | invasive |
|---|---|
| Regions | |
| Northeast | ✗ |
| Southeast | ✗ |
| Midwest | ✓ |
| Plains | ✗ |
| Southwest | ✗ |
| Mountain west | ✗ |
| Pacific northwest | ✗ |
| California | ✗ |
| Hawaii | ✗ |
| State noxious | ✗ |
| Escapes cultivation | ✓ |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sow | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Harvest | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
References: Wikipedia · USDA PLANTS: Mentha ×piperita (MEPI) · how this data is made