Rutabaga
Brassica napus
Zones 1–8
Growing
Sow rutabagas in well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Because they are a cool-season crop, plant them once the soil has warmed in the spring or during the cooler months of the fall. In containers, use a medium with good drainage to prevent waterlogged conditions, which can lead to root issues.
Watch for common brassica pests, especially flea beetles and weevils that can bore into the stems or feed on the developing leaves. A clean garden area helps prevent disease; removing old plant debris breaks the cycle of many common pathogens.
Harvest roots as soon as they reach a usable size, as they do not continue to ripen once picked. Avoid leaving the roots too long in the ground, which can lead to a woody texture. To preserve your harvest, store the roots unwashed in a cool, dark cellar or in the refrigerator. To freeze them, blanch the roots first to maintain flavor and texture.
| Sun | full sun |
|---|---|
| Water | medium |
| Grow time | 45–90 days |
| Height | <1ft |
| Spacing | 6–12in |
| Full sun | ✓ |
|---|---|
| Part shade | ✓ |
| Shade | ✗ |
| Life cycle | biennial |
|---|---|
| Category | root |
| Growth habit | rosette |
| Season | cool |
| Frost tolerance | hardy |
| Height | under 1ft |
| Spacing | 6–12in |
| Days to maturity | 45–90 |
| Water | medium |
|---|---|
| Drainage | well drained |
| Soil ph min | 6.0 |
| Soil ph max | 7.0 |
| Propagation | |
| Seed | ✓ |
| Cutting | ✗ |
| Division | ✗ |
| Graft | ✗ |
| Tuber bulb crown | ✗ |
| Transplant | ✗ |
| Container ok | ✓ |
| Pollination | self fertile |
| Pollinator friendly | ✓ |
| Toxic parts | |
| Leaves | ✗ |
| Seeds | ✗ |
| Raw | ✗ |
| Wash before storing | ✗ |
|---|---|
| Ripens off plant | ✗ |
| Curing days | none |
| Shelf life | over 3mo |
| Storage methods | |
| Room temp | ✗ |
| Cool dark | ✓ |
| Fridge | ✓ |
| Freeze | ✓ |
| Can | ✓ |
| Dry | ✓ |
| Ferment pickle | ✓ |
| Blanch before freezing | ✓ |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sow | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| Harvest | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
References: Wikipedia · USDA PLANTS: Brassica napus (BRNA) · how this data is made