Sunflower

Growing

Sow seeds once the soil has warmed to at least 45ºF. In heavy clay that stays cold late into spring, start seeds in pots or trays to overwinter in a cold frame before transplanting them into the garden. When seedlings emerge, thin them to prevent overcrowding, pressing the soil firmly around the remaining plants to minimize root disturbance.

Because of their single, upright growth habit, tall varieties often need staking to keep the heavy heads from drooping or snapping. Watch for pests; birds and small mammals eat both young seedlings and the developing seeds. Netting or a scarecrow can help protect the crop. Soil-borne issues like Fusarium or downy mildew can reduce yield.

Harvest the flowers when the seeds are fully developed. Store the seeds in a dry, cool, dark place. Keep them unwashed to prevent moisture from causing rot during storage.