Wild Bergamot
Monarda fistulosa
Zones 3–9
Growing
As a hardy member of the mint family, wild bergamot is a vigorous perennial that thrives when you allow it to establish deep roots. While you can start seeds indoors, many gardeners prefer using cuttings to propagate new plants. Once your plants are established in the garden, they are remarkably resilient and can survive even a hard freeze, making them a dependable choice for much of North America.
To ensure a lush display of pink to lavender blooms, provide regular watering, especially during periods of dry weather. Because this species is part of the Lamiaceae family, it can spread via underground rhizomes; if you want to keep it from encroaching on nearby garden beds, you may need to occasionally divide the clumps in the spring or fall. This plant is a powerhouse for biodiversity, acting as a premier honey plant by attracting a wide variety of pollinators to your landscape.
| Sun | full sun |
|---|---|
| Water | medium |
| Grow time | >150 days |
| Height | 1–3ft |
| Spacing | 12–24in |
| Full sun | ✓ |
|---|---|
| Part shade | ✓ |
| Shade | ✓ |
| Life cycle | perennial |
|---|---|
| Category | herb |
| Growth habit | upright |
| Season | warm |
| Frost tolerance | hardy |
| Height | 1–3ft |
| Spacing | 12–24in |
| Days to maturity | over 150 |
| Days to bloom | over 150 |
| Native us | ✓ |
| Water | medium |
|---|---|
| Drainage | well drained |
| Soil ph min | 6.0 |
| Soil ph max | 8.0 |
| Propagation | |
| Seed | ✓ |
| Cutting | ✓ |
| Division | ✓ |
| Graft | ✗ |
| Tuber bulb crown | ✗ |
| Transplant | ✓ |
| Container ok | ✓ |
| Pollination | self fertile |
| Pollinator friendly | ✓ |
| Toxic parts | |
| Leaves | ✗ |
| Seeds | ✗ |
| Raw | ✗ |
| Spread | self seeds |
| Deer resistant | ✓ |
| Drought tolerant | ✗ |
| Toxic to | |
| People | ✗ |
| Pets | ✗ |
| Livestock | ✗ |
| Wash before storing | ✓ |
|---|---|
| Ripens off plant | ✗ |
| Curing days | none |
| Shelf life | over 3mo |
| Storage methods | |
| Room temp | ✗ |
| Cool dark | ✓ |
| Fridge | ✓ |
| Freeze | ✓ |
| Can | ✗ |
| Dry | ✓ |
| Ferment pickle | ✓ |
| Blanch before freezing | ✗ |
| Length | 2–6wk |
|---|---|
| Colors | |
| White | ✗ |
| Yellow | ✗ |
| Orange | ✗ |
| Red | ✗ |
| Pink | ✓ |
| Purple | ✓ |
| Blue | ✗ |
| Green | ✗ |
| Fragrant | ✓ |
| Reblooms | ✗ |
| Deadhead | ✗ |
| Cut flower | ✓ |
| Dried flower | ✓ |
| Status | none |
|---|---|
| Regions | |
| Northeast | ✗ |
| Southeast | ✗ |
| Midwest | ✗ |
| Plains | ✗ |
| Southwest | ✗ |
| Mountain west | ✗ |
| Pacific northwest | ✗ |
| California | ✗ |
| Hawaii | ✗ |
| State noxious | ✗ |
| Escapes cultivation | ✗ |
| Visitors | |
|---|---|
| Honey bees | ✓ |
| Native bees | ✓ |
| Bumblebees | ✓ |
| Butterflies | ✓ |
| Moths | ✓ |
| Hummingbirds | ✓ |
| Beneficial insects | ✓ |
| Nectar | high |
| Pollen | high |
| Larval host | ✓ |
| Specialist bees | ✓ |
| Seed for birds | ✓ |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sow | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Harvest | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no |
References: Wikipedia · USDA PLANTS: Monarda fistulosa (MOFI) · USDA plant guide · how this data is made