Yam
Dioscorea villosa
Zones 7–13
Growing
Because this twining vine is a vigorous climber, you should provide a sturdy trellis or support structure once the vines begin to trail. This plant thrives in well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH, ideally between 5.5 and 7.0. While it can tolerate various light conditions ranging from full sun to partial shade, providing consistent moisture is key, though you must ensure the soil never becomes waterlogged to prevent tuber rot.
When propagating, you can use seeds or plant tubers and crowns once the soil has warmed in the spring. As the plant matures, the vines will aggressively seek out any available surface to climb. Because the tubers do not ripen after they are harvested, you must wait until they are fully developed on the plant before digging them up. Always handle the tubers with care, and remember that the raw plant contains saponins and should not be consumed raw.
For long-term use, keep your harvested tubers unwashed to prevent moisture buildup and decay. The best way to maintain them is to store them in a cool, dark cellar. This environment helps preserve the integrity of the roots throughout the dormant season.
| Sun | full sun |
|---|---|
| Water | medium |
| Grow time | >150 days |
| Height | >6ft |
| Spacing | >24in |
| Full sun | ✓ |
|---|---|
| Part shade | ✓ |
| Shade | ✓ |
| Life cycle | perennial |
|---|---|
| Category | root |
| Growth habit | vine |
| Season | warm |
| Frost tolerance | hardy |
| Height | over 6ft |
| Spacing | over 24in |
| Days to maturity | over 150 |
| Water | medium |
|---|---|
| Drainage | well drained |
| Soil ph min | 5.5 |
| Soil ph max | 7.0 |
| Propagation | |
| Seed | ✓ |
| Cutting | ✗ |
| Division | ✗ |
| Graft | ✗ |
| Tuber bulb crown | ✓ |
| Transplant | ✗ |
| Container ok | ✓ |
| Pollination | not applicable |
| Pollinator friendly | ✓ |
| Toxic parts | |
| Leaves | ✗ |
| Seeds | — |
| Raw | ✓ |
| Wash before storing | ✗ |
|---|---|
| Ripens off plant | ✗ |
| Curing days | over 2wk |
| Shelf life | over 3mo |
| Storage methods | |
| Room temp | ✓ |
| Cool dark | ✓ |
| Fridge | ✗ |
| Freeze | ✓ |
| Can | ✓ |
| Dry | ✓ |
| Ferment pickle | ✓ |
| Blanch before freezing | ✗ |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sow | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Harvest | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
References: Wikipedia · USDA PLANTS: Dioscorea villosa (DIVI4) · how this data is made