Yaupon Holly
Ilex vomitoria
Zones 7–13
Growing
This hardy, woody shrub is a versatile addition to your landscape, thriving in everything from full sun to deep shade. When preparing your garden, ensure the soil is well-drained and not waterlogged, as this plant prefers much drier conditions. It adapts well to a variety of soil types, provided the pH stays between 5.0 and 7.5. If you are growing in a container, you can enjoy this evergreen beauty in a smaller space, but remember that it is quite drought-tolerant once established and does not require frequent or heavy watering.
You can propagate this species using cuttings or by starting from seed. If you choose to start plants indoors, they can be transplanted into the garden once they are ready. While the plant is highly attractive to pollinators, keep in mind that a single plant is capable of setting fruit on its own.
Be aware that the berries, leaves, and seeds of the Yaupon holly are poisonous; ingesting the berries can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Despite this caution, the plant is famous for being the only species native to North America that contains caffeine, a trait historically used to make traditional black drink.
| Sun | full sun |
|---|---|
| Water | low |
| Grow time | >150 days |
| Height | >6ft |
| Spacing | >24in |
| Full sun | ✓ |
|---|---|
| Part shade | ✓ |
| Shade | ✓ |
| Life cycle | perennial |
|---|---|
| Category | leafy |
| Growth habit | shrub |
| Season | warm |
| Frost tolerance | hardy |
| Height | over 6ft |
| Spacing | over 24in |
| Days to maturity | over 150 |
| Days to bloom | over 150 |
| Native us | ✓ |
| Water | low |
|---|---|
| Drainage | well drained |
| Soil ph min | 5.0 |
| Soil ph max | 7.5 |
| Propagation | |
| Seed | ✓ |
| Cutting | ✓ |
| Division | ✗ |
| Graft | ✗ |
| Tuber bulb crown | ✗ |
| Transplant | ✓ |
| Container ok | ✓ |
| Pollination | self fertile |
| Pollinator friendly | ✓ |
| Toxic parts | |
| Leaves | ✓ |
| Seeds | ✓ |
| Raw | ✓ |
| Spread | self seeds |
| Deer resistant | ✓ |
| Drought tolerant | ✓ |
| Toxic to | |
| People | ✓ |
| Pets | ✓ |
| Livestock | ✓ |
| Wash before storing | — |
|---|---|
| Ripens off plant | — |
| Curing days | none |
| Shelf life | over 3mo |
| Storage methods | |
| Room temp | — |
| Cool dark | — |
| Fridge | — |
| Freeze | — |
| Can | — |
| Dry | ✓ |
| Ferment pickle | — |
| Blanch before freezing | — |
| Length | under 2wk |
|---|---|
| Colors | |
| White | ✗ |
| Yellow | ✗ |
| Orange | ✗ |
| Red | ✗ |
| Pink | ✗ |
| Purple | ✗ |
| Blue | ✗ |
| Green | ✗ |
| Visitors | |
|---|---|
| Honey bees | ✓ |
| Native bees | ✓ |
| Bumblebees | ✓ |
| Butterflies | ✓ |
| Moths | ✓ |
| Hummingbirds | ✓ |
| Beneficial insects | ✓ |
| Nectar | low |
| Pollen | low |
| Larval host | ✓ |
| Specialist bees | ✗ |
| Seed for birds | ✓ |
| Status | none |
|---|---|
| Regions | |
| Northeast | ✗ |
| Southeast | ✗ |
| Midwest | ✗ |
| Plains | ✗ |
| Southwest | ✗ |
| Mountain west | ✗ |
| Pacific northwest | ✗ |
| California | ✗ |
| Hawaii | ✗ |
| State noxious | ✗ |
| Escapes cultivation | ✗ |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sow | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Harvest | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
References: Wikipedia · USDA PLANTS: Ilex vomitoria (ILVO) · USDA plant guide · USDA fact sheet · how this data is made