Growing
For the tight, compact heads of the Botrytis group, prepare a nutrient-rich bed with a slightly acidic pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Broccoli is a cool-season annual, so start seeds indoors and transplant them into the garden once the soil has warmed. In containers, use a medium that drains well to prevent waterlogged roots, which can lead to rot.
Watch the developing heads for premature flowering. Harvest the main stem when the tightly packed buds reach the desired size, before the small yellow flowers emerge. Once the plant flowers, the head can become woody and less palatable. Store the heads unwashed in the refrigerator. For a surplus, blanch the florets before freezing to preserve their quality.
Watch for common pests like cabbage worms that target the tender leaves and developing heads. Regular watering keeps moisture consistent and helps prevent bolting and bitter, tough stems.